Purpose

The purpose of this document is to provide an  overview of the Manage Targets feature for OUTSCAN and HIAB, and has been elaborated under the assumption that the reader has access to the OUTSCAN/HIAB account and Portal Interface with Netsec subscription.

Introduction

Targets are the assets that are managed by the system, usually a web site, web application, server, or network device that you would like to scan for security vulnerabilities.

The amount of targets can be hard to maintain, therefor it's good practice to manage all targets in target groups. See Target Groups and Dynamic Target Groups.

Getting Started

There are two ways of launching your applications.

• From OUTSCAN
• From a HIAB

OUTSCAN

To launch the OUTSCAN application, navigate to https://outscan.outpost24.com.

Use HTTPS protocol.

Log in using your credentials.

HIAB

To connect to a HIAB, use the assigned network address.

Use HTTPS protocol.

Log in using your credentials.

To access the Manage Targets module, go to Main Menu > Netsec > Manage Targets.

Targets

Targets are added under the Manage Target section, which is accessible either using the icon on the desktop of from the menu at the bottom left of the GUI.

First time when you enter this section it does not contain any targets groups and only state, All Targets and Ungrouped. Multiple groups can be created, and the targets can be in multiple groups. Arrangement can either be done automatically in Dynamic Target Groups or by manually using drag-n-drop functionality of added target.

There are three generic ways to add targets to the system. Two of those can be performed from this section and the third is to conduct a Discovery Scan and thus that functionality is tied to the scheduling section discussed later in this document.

Once the targets are in place these are the best practices.

• If the number of targets justifies groups of targets, then consider adding targets that matches your organizations requirements. For example, create groups so that you can compare targets and/or teams in order to see how the vulnerability management is progressing over time.
• If you have complex requirements regarding scanning time and restrictions, consider managing those rules from groups instead of having to manually edit schedule objects but simply use drag-n-drop when moving/changing scanning periods.
• If you have additional information that would help in the day to day operation if that information was present in vulnerability management reports, add those detains to the target using custom fields. Read the user guide for more information about custom fields.
• If the number of users having access to the tool is large along with the network, consider adding target groups per role (or even per user). This will allow you to re-assign assets between users and grant access to systems without having to re-configure users.
• Use dynamic groups to always have updated information about the targets so that the information does not become obsolete over time.
  For example: system owners can be defined as a separate customer field and be used as a dynamic filter to organize the targets. See the Dynamic Target Groups for information on how to add Dynamic Groups.

The grouping system provided by the tool can be used in many ways and allows you to have a better control of what is currently going on within your organization.

On the left side you have an overview of some of the things that has been discussed above (the number to the right of the group name represents the number of targets present in the group).

The Business Function group contains two subgroups that are used for reporting those systems separately even though they share the same database cluster for instance.

In the Event system you can see that groups have been created for different types of notifications and this allows you to simply re-configure notifications and likewise tasks without going over the notification event list trying to figure out which object to edit. Same thing applies to the Scan Window group.

The Target Assignment group contains both By Role and By User and both can be used simultaneous giving you the possibility to have individual targets assign to users and belong to a group of administrators.

Note

Best practice is also to not use the groups for anything else without updating the name to reflect their usage.
Example:
Do not perform scheduling on system owner groups without specifically adding that information to the group name.

Cheat Sheet

Best practice	Goal	In place?
		Yes	No	N/A
Add details on targets	Add custom fields on the targets and populate them with adequate information. Chose information that will be useful to have access to when reading the report or managing the targets and/or risks. For example: System Owner, Datacenter, Rack slot, Geographical location or likewise.
Add groups to match you reporting requirements	Add group that matches what you are required to report upon. For example: Geographical location, system owner/group or business function. Note Optional in smaller organizations.
Add groups for scheduling purpose	If you have many restrictions on when you can perform your scanning, consider adding target groups for the scheduling since that provides you with a tree structured overview instead of a list of schedules. Note Optional in smaller organizations.
Target assignment	Should there be a high number of users added to the tool, consider using the grouping system to have the same tree as overview of why can see and have access to what within the system. Note Optional in smaller organizations.
Dynamic groups	If possible, create Dynamic Target Groups that assign targets to their respective group automatically instead of relying on manual updates that may be performed or not on a regular basis. With the use of this type of groups their content will not become obsolete over time causing you to use time to re-organize them over and over.

The Manage Targets Interface

The figure shows the Manage Targets main page which displays all the defined IP’s and target groups. The Manage Targets window consists of two areas, Target Groups and Targets. 

Icon List

Icon	Name	Description
	New	Clicking New opens the Add New Targets window. The newly created targets will belong to the currently selected target group.
	Show Groups	Show all target groups in which this target has been added to.
	Audit Log	To see the changes made to a certain entry, right click on it and select Audit log. This show a dialog with all the changes made to the object that were made by you or one of the users that you administrate.
	Lookup	Filter the target group grid.
	Delete	Clicking Delete while having any targets selected deletes them from the system. Multiple targets can be selected for deletion by holding shift while selecting the targets. Note Reports for the selected targets are not deleted.
	Edit	To edit a target, right-click on it and select Edit. This allows you to set the Hostname, MAC Address, label the systems importance which is used to calculate CVSS scores, and set Virtual host, hidden URLs. It also includes settings to set target to override scan policy.
	Export	To export data from the grid, right click on any entry and select either to export it as HTML or CSV (comma separated values) in the sub menu. This gives you either a HTML page or a CSV file with data that you can save or copy data from.
	Settings	Global settings for Target Management
	Scan	Create a scan schedule for the target group.
	Label Target, Update from ServiceNow, Set Policies on Target	By right-clicking on a target you can choose to update specific labels or attributes on the target.
	Show Scanner, Set Scanners on Targets	Lists or set scanners on targets groups.
	Refresh	Refresh the grid
	Label Targets,Update from ServiceNow, Set Policies on Targets	By right-clicking on a target group you can choose to update specific labels or attributes on the targets in that group.
	Set Target Authentication	Select available authentication from a drop down menu
	Column Menu	To add or remove columns, hover the mouse over any column name and click the down pointing arrow.

Global Settings

Click on the Settings icon located in the top right corner to customize Manage Targets.

Target Settings

Inactive Targets Event Notification

Adding Targets

The Target Groups grid is used to organize targets. Targets are the assets that can be managed in the system.

Create Target

To create a target:

1. Open the Manage Targets module in Main Menu > Netsec > Manage Targets.

2. Click on + New in the Targets field to display the Add New Targets window.
   
   
   
   

   Format	Description
   fc00::23	IPv6
   192.168.200.23|virtualhost,virtualhost	IPv4
   192.168.200.1/24	CIDR
   192.168.200.3-192.168.200.15	IP range
   host.domain.com	FQDN
   \\netbios_host	netBIOS hostname

3. Fill in the required information in the form fields and click Save.
   

Targets can also be imported from a Comma Separated Values (csv) file, LDAP/AD, or ServiceNow by clicking on respective Import/Upload button.

Option	Description
New Target List	Add one or multiple targets using the presented help text. Note Private IP addresses cannot be added when using OUTSCAN.
DNS Lookup	Select if a DNS look-up should be performed when adding the IP addresses to the system to get the host name in the system.
NetBIOS Lookup (HIAB only)	Select if a NetBIOS look-up should be performed when adding the IP addresses to the system to get the host name in the system.
Scanner (HIAB only)	Set which scanner that should scan the defined targets. Default is set to local and that is referring to the machine that you are logged on to. If you have a distributed network with multiple scanners that is accepted by the scheduler, you will be able to choose which scanner to use in the drop-down menu. If you have a HIAB External license, the OUTSCAN scanner is also available in the drop-down and should be used if public IPs are to be scanned from the OUTSCAN SaaS solution.
Attributes	This option is used to add additional information about the target. This is displayed as a column with the given field name in the Managed Targets grid.
Upload From File	Import a previously exported target group file or custom Comma Separated Values (csv) file.
Import from LDAP/AD	Import targets from LDAP/AD.
Import From ServiceNow	Import targets from ServiceNow.

Important

Certain tasks like adding a large/multiple networks can take a long time. When it takes more than 90 seconds, the progress can be viewed in the Task Viewer tab located at the bottom right of the task bar. Task Viewer appears for a user only if  there is at least one task in the list. The three possible states for a task appearing in Task Viewer are:

• In Progress
• Done
• Error

Import from LDAP/AD

The Import from LDAP/AD button displays a window where you can select which targets to import into the HIAB.

Import From ServiceNow

The Import from ServiceNow button displays a window where you can select which targets to import into the HIAB from ServiceNow.

Upload From File

Adding targets from a CSV-file.

1. Click the + New button in the Targets view.
   
   
   
   
   
2. Click the Upload From File button.
   
   
   
   

3. Import the exported target group file or custom Comma Separated Values (csv) file by clicking the + button to select a file.
   
   
   
   

   Option	Description
   Upload From File	Select a file to import.
   Separator	Define what separator is used in the file. Tab Comma ( , ) Semicolon ( ; ) Colon ( : )
   Text Delimiter	Define what text delimiter is used in the file. Single Quote ( ' ) Double Quote ( " )
   Skip First Line	Select this to skip the first line. Ex. for a header line.

4. Click Next to continue.
5. Once uploaded, continue with mapping the files information to the target by selecting the appropriate subject in the drop-down menus.
   
   
   
   
6. Finish by clicking the Save button.

Inspecting and Editing Targets

Once targets have been added into a group it will look like this.

Note

Some of the columns does not get populated until the target has been scanned.

To add or remove columns, hover the mouse over any column name and click the down pointing arrow. Click Columns and select the columns you wish to add to the grid:

Edit Target

When right clicking on any target in the Target section the following menu are displayed:

Options	Description
Show Groups	Show all target groups in which this target has been added to.
Perform DNS lookup	To perform a DNS lookup on an individual target, right-click on the target and select Perform DNS lookup. This tries to determine the targets host name and store that information in the system.
Perform MAC Lookup (HIAB only)	To perform a MAC lookup on the selected target, right-click on the target and select Perform MAC Lookup.
Perform NetBIOS lookup (HIAB only)	To perform a NetBIOS lookup on the selected target, right-click on the target and select Perform NetBIOS Lookup.
Label Targets	By right-clicking on a target you can choose to update specific labels or attributes on the target(s).
Update from ServiceNow	Update the target with information from ServiceNow.
Set Policies on Targets	Select policies for the target.
Scan	Create Scan Schedule for the selected target. See Scan Scheduling on more information about creating a scan schedule.
New	Add a new target. See Create_Target.
Delete	Clicking Delete while having any targets selected deletes them from the system. Multiple targets can be selected for deletion by holding shift while selecting the targets. Note Reports for the selected targets are not deleted.
Edit	To edit a target, right-click on it and select Edit. This allows you to set the Hostname, MAC Address, label the systems importance which is used to calculate CVSS scores, toggle the Exposed flag, and set Virtual host, hidden URLs. It also includes settings to set target to override scan policy.
Audit log	To see the changes made to a certain entry, right click on it and select Audit log. This show a dialog with all the changes made to the object that were made by you or one of the users that you administrate.
Export	To export data from the grid, right click on any entry and select either to export it as HTML or CSV (comma separated values) in the sub menu. This gives you either a HTML page or a CSV file with data that you can save or copy data from. Note The CSV export function in the grid has a limit of 100k rows.
Show Scan Results	Shows latest scan results for this target in the Reporting Tools.
Remove from group	Clicking on Remove from group while one or more targets have been selected, removes them from the group.

To edit a target:

Right click on the specific target and select Edit.

The Maintaining Target window is displayed.

In the top of the window you find the general information about the target that you are editing such as:

Options	Description
IP Address	The targets IP adress
Hostname	The targets hostname
MAC Address	The targets MAC adress Note The field MAC-Address does not get populated until the target has been scanned.
Business criticality	The targets business criticality select from Low, Medium, High, or Criticality
Exposed	Toggle if the target is exposed on internet or not.
Scanner	Select scanner. Local or available scanners.

The following tabs are present in the Maintaining Target window:

WEB Settings

Options	Description
Virtual Hosts	If there are one or multiple virtual hosts on the target, you can add them here. Note Up to 10 virtual hosts can be defined per target.
Hidden URLs	Add URLs that cannot be crawled from the default site. URLs that are added here will be crawled separately.
URL Blacklist	Add URLs that you would like the scanner NOT to scan. Most common blacklisted URL is the site’s logout URL to prevent the scanner from logging itself out.
Request Body Blacklist	Add body blacklists.

CVSS Score

Use the drop-down menus in this tab to evaluate the impact of a security breach on the target. Grade the availability, integrity,  confidentiality, along with the Collateral Damage Potential and this will be considered when the CVSS score is being set. This is done to personalize the CVSS scores as some targets are more valuable than other.

Attributes

This tab is only displayed if the user has one or more custom attributes configured to be shown in Targets. This is to add the ability to add additional information about the target.

Note

Target attributes can be set in Main Menu > Settings > Account > Attributes tab.

See Attributes for information on how to add personal attributes columns.

Override Scan Policy

This tab will give you the ability to set what vulnerabilities will be searched/not searched for on this target. This will override the scan policy used for the scan of this target.

Note

For more information about scan policies, see Scan Scheduling document.

Authentication

Use this tab to fill in information that will help the scanner to authenticate against the target every time it gets scanned. Authentication allows the scanner to access registry keys and perform sudo-commands which greatly increases the scan accuracy. 

SSH

See Authenticated Scanning using SSH for more information.

SMB

Contains the authentication settings and credentials used to enable Authenticated Scanning using SMB.

Note

For more information, see Authenticated Scanning using SMB.

vSphere

Note

vSphere credentials are only used if a compliance scan is running. In addition, the target must have a ESXI compliance policy enabled.

Contains the authentication/configuration settings for the VMware vSphere. If configured, they are used when scanning targets running this service.

CyberArk SSH

Contains the authentication settings and credentials used to enable Authenticated Scanning using CyberArk SSH.

Note

See Integrations for more information.

CyberArk SMB

Contains the authentication settings and credentials used to enable Authenticated Scanning using CyberArk SMB.

Note

See Integrations for more information.

Thycotic SSH /SMB

Contains the authentication settings and credentials used to enable Authenticated Scanning using Thycotic SSH or Thycotic SMB.

Note

See Integrations for more information.

Option	Description
Thycotic Config	Select the config from the drop-down list.
Secret name	Provide the name of the Secret.  Note When the user provides a phrase, it searches for the name matching the given phrase. The first name matched is used. ${IP} will get replaced by the target IP.  ${HOSTNAME} will get replaced by the host name of the target.
Override path	Provide a new path to cancel using the existing path.
SSH substitute user command	The use of the following commands is to execute commands with a different user/privilege escalation. sudo: This command is found in most of the Linux based systems (or can be installed). Used to execute commands as a different user (other than the one used to log in). From the tools perspective, it uses root account to perform the commands. doas: It is an OpenBSD based command. 95% of its features are like sudo. https://man.openbsd.org/doas sesu: It is an IBM implementation of su. dzdo: Used in Linux/Unix (can be installed at will). An alternative to sudo. pfexec: Mostly used in Solaris. custom: It gives a flexibility to use a custom defined privilege escalation command.
SSH custom user command	This field is available when the user selects custom in the SSH substitute user command field. Add a custom command for escalating privilege.
SMB allow NTLMv1	Check this box to enable the authentication using NTLMv1.
Enable remote registry	If enabled, the scanner initiates the Remote Registry service with the given details. Disable the service when the scan is finished.

Compliance Scanning

The Compliance Scanning tab is available if you have a Compliance Scanning license.

Caution

The policies for the Compliance Scanning can be set only through Maintaining Scan Schedule window. Refer to Scan Scheduling guide for detailed information.

Databases

Use this tab to fill in information that will help the scanner to authenticate against a database on the target. This is only used when running a compliance scan and if a SQL database has been defined.

The settings for the database targets can be edited by right-click a database and and select edit in the menu.

Label Targets

1. Right click the target.
2. Select Label targets in list.
   
   
   
   

3. Select labels from drop-down menus.
   
   
   
   

   

   Note that the checkbox to the left of the drop-down must be checked for the value to be set. 

   Option	Description
   Exposed	Yes/No
   Business criticality	Low, Medium, High , Critical
   Collateral Damage Potential	Not Defined, None, Low, Low-Medium, Medium-High, High
   Security Requirements - Availability	Not Defined, Low, Medium, High
   Security Requirements - Integrity	Not Defined, Low, Medium, High
   Security Requirements - Confidentiality	Not Defined, Low, Medium, High
   Target distribution	Not Defined, None, Low, Medium, High

4. Click Save.

Target Groups

The Target Groups area is used to organize targets. A target group can contain any number of targets and subgroups. This allows for organization of the targets to make them easy to navigate. A target can exist in more than one target group. The number next to the target group name represents the number of targets present in that group. 

Built In Target Groups

A couple of special target groups are already built in the system by default:

All Targets: This group contains all the targets that have been added to the system.

Ungrouped contains all targets that are not in another group.

Populate the new groups with targets from these groups.

Create Target Group

To create a target group:

1. Go to Main Menu > Netsec > Manage Targets.
2. Click on + New in the Target Groups field and name the group.

Populate a Target Group

To populate a new group with already existing targets within another group:

1. Select the Targets field to add to the new group, either by ctrl + select or shift + select multiple entries, then drag them to the group and release.

Edit a Target Group

Select a target group to edit and right click on the groups.

Targets

The edit menu allows you to:

Label Targets: By right-clicking on a target group you can choose to label all your targets. The labels are used to calculate CVSS scores. In the Label Targets window you can define exactly which fields that will be updated. See Label Targets section for more information.

Update from ServiceNow: If you have a ServiceNow license, The ServiceNow window displays the Username and URI that is used when updating an asset.

Set Policies on Target: Select policies for the group.

Set Target Authentication: This option allows you to define authentication on all targets currently present in the selected group. Choose from:

• None
• SSH
• SMB
• CyberArc SSH
• CyberArc SMB
• Thycotic SSH
• Thycotic SMB

Fill in the credentials and click the Test button to verify the credentials against the target.

SSH

Test Credentials

Verify your credentials by selecting port and press the Test button

SMB

Test Credentials

Verify your credentials by pressing the Test button

CyberArk SSH

Test Credentials

Verify your credentials by pressing the Test button

CyberArk SMB

Thycotic SSH /SMB

Refer to Thycotic for information about setting up Thycotic SSH or Thycotic SMB authentication. 

Test Credentials

Verify your credentials by pressing the Test button.

Set Scanner on targets: This option sets the scanner for selected targets. Select available scanners from the drop-down menu.

Show Scanners: Displays a list of scanners that has been set for this group.

Delete Targets: Deletes the targets in the group.

Note

The targets will be deleted and not just removed from the group.

Perform DNS lookup: To perform a DNS lookup on all targets in a group, right click on the group and select Perform DNS lookup, this does a DNS lookup to get the targets host names in the system.

Perform MAC lookup: To perform a MAC address lookup on all targets in a group, right click on the group and select this option.

Perform NetBIOS lookup: To perform a NetBIOS lookup on all targets in a group, right click on the group and select Perform NetBIOS lookup, this does a NetBIOS lookup to get the targets NetBIOS names in the system.

Export target list: This option will display the targets within this group and any sub groups in a pop up window.

New dynamic group: This option will create a new dynamic group. A dynamic group is managed by the system so all targets that match the criteria for the group will automatically be added to the group. Targets that no longer matches the criteria will be removed. To create a group, first select a set of filters matching the criteria that the group should have.

Target Group

New: Allows you to add a new target group, as a subgroup to the currently selected target group. To move a target group in the hierarchy, use the drag and drop functionality.

Delete: Allows you to delete the group you have currently selected.

Edit: Lets you add a description to the selected group.

Scan: A scan can be started on a target group by right clicking on it and select Scan. From here you can set a Name, Scan Mode, Scan Policy, Scanning Frequency, and the start of the next scan.

Audit Log: It is possible to right click on a group and check the audit entries related to that group.

Dynamic Target Groups

A dynamic group is managed by the system so all targets that match the criteria for the group will automatically be added to the group. Targets that no longer matches the criteria will be removed.

Example

Adding a filter on an  IP-range makes sure that all targets within that range is part of the group. New targets being added within the same IP-range is automatically added to the group. Any number of filters can be applied when creating the group.

To create a dynamic group complete the following steps.

Creating a View From Filters

The first step is to create a filter in your view.

1. Go to Main Menu > Netsec > Manage Targets.
2. Select All targets in the Target Groups list on the left side of the Manage Targets window. 

3. Open the Filters menu by hovering the mouse pointer over the heading of a column and click on the little down pointing arrow to open the Column menu.
   
   

   

   Note

   Different columns gives different filter options depending on the content of the columns.

   
   
   
   
   

4. Select Filters and create a filter by writing a string or number in the All: field.
5. After you have created a filter open the Column menu again and select Views.
6. Select Save View.
   
   
   
   
7. Enter a name for the view and click the Save button.
   
   
   
   
8. Your new view is now created.

Create a Dynamic Group

Once a view has been created you can proceed to create a dynamic group from that view.

1. Go to Main Menu > Netsec > Manage Targets.
2. Select your view.
3. Right click the group and select New dynamic group.
   
   
   
   
4. Name the new target group.
   
   

When the new dynamic group is ready, all new targets that are added and covered by the filter will be displayed in this group.

You can create different dynamic groups based on different filters and sorting.

Update Dynamic Group

The Update dynamic group updates a dynamic group with a new set of filters, disregarding the old ones.

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